Standard proctor test and optimum moisture content determine the relationship graph between moisture content and dry density. The fluid media to prepare the mortar was water and various alkaline solutions of different molarities for comparison. Optimum moisture content determination a modification of aashto designation t 99 annex 1. Density test for determining the percent of maximum density. The procedure for carrying out the standard proctor test are as.
The remaining procedure is same as described above for cc mould. Procedure to determine the insitu dry density of soil by sand replacement method. Determine the maximum dry density and the optimum moisture. The weight of empty sand cone is measured and then filled with dry sand and weighted. The proctor compaction test is a laboratory method of experimentally determining the optimal moisture content at which a given soil type will become most dense and achieve its maximum dry density. It is susceptible to several errors, including vibration during the test and calculation errors in the procedure. This test differs from the procedure described in aashto t 99 in that a 10 lb. Standard proctor test is a very important test for highway and geotechnical engineers in establishing a criteria of getting maximum dry density mdd and.
According to proctor, the compaction of a soil mass is dependent on the following four major factors. The maximum dry density of soil occurs at optimum moisture content omc. The modified proctor test is of great importance and is widely used in the construction of roads, highways, earth fill dams, earth filling, airports, etc. The maximum density of a material for a specific compactive effort is the. The soil excavated from the hole is collected and weighted. Unachieved maximum dry density mdd value for compaction. The determination of maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of soil is a measure of compaction level of soils. There is a lack of information about an appropriate mdd test method for np sands, which contain crushable pumice particles. The degree of compaction of soil is measured in terms of its dry density. The variation of the dry density with fluidtobinder fb ratio is shown in figure 15.
Maximum dry density onepoint proctor test used for soil with more than 35% passing no. The maximum dry density and optimum moisture content, as defined below, is determined by establishing the moisturedensity relationship of the material when prepared and compacted at the modified aashto compaction effort at different moisture contents. The relationship between dry density and moisture content for a given degree of compactive effort. As a quality engineer, you should make sure that the area to be tested is compacted and within the area submitted in the inspection request. The maximum dry density and the optimum water content of the untreated. October 2018 sample extruder a jack, lever frame, or other device for extruding compacted specimens from the mold quickly and with little disturbance.
Standard proctor test optimum moisture content dry. The procedure for carrying out the standard proctor test are as follows. Test procedure 1 record the mass of the mold and base plate without the extension collar to the nearest 5 grams. A smooth curve is then drawn through the resulting points and the position of the maximum on this curve is determined, which is called maximum dry density m. The maximum dry density mdd of a soil is an important parameter for understanding the physical state of the soil. In all the above cases make at least five determinations and the range of moisture content shall be such that the optimum moisture content at which the maximum dry density occurs is within that range. This test determines the optimum water content and maximum dry density of for a soil as per is. The procedure is described in astm d1556 aashto t 191. Guidelines for earthwork construction control testing of gravelly soils 2 given in standard procedure usbr 7255 1 where percent compaction is defined as. Procedure for the determination of maximum density. Sand cone density is an accurate and reliable test method that has long been used to measure the inplace density of soils. Maximum dry density of soil is determined in the laboratory with the help of standard proctor test standardized by astm d698 and aashto t99.
Theoretical maximum specific gravity pavement interactive. Astm d7382 08 standard test methods for determination of. Effects of the soil properties on the maximum dry density. After knowing the moisture content the dry density of the soil is determined using following formula. Maximum density and optimum moisture of soils methods c and d. The maximum dry density done in the lab was done on a material that is not representative of the inplace material. If the point falls in the space between two curves, use the higher curve to determine the maximum dry density and optimum moisture content. Standard test methods for maximum index density and unit. The optimum water content owc is the amount of water required to produce a maximum dry density mdd from the test procedure. However, for some soils containing between 5 and 15 % fines, the use of impact compaction test methods d698.
The adjective dry before density or unit weight is omitted in the title and remaining portions of this standard to be consistent with the applicable definition given in section 3 on terminology. The apparatus used is i cylindrical metal mould it should be either of 100mm dia. Correction for coarse particles in the soil compaction test. Field determination of maximum dry density and optimum. The nuclear density is compared to the maximum dry density to calculate the percent density and the moisture content from the nuclear gauge is compared to the optimum moisture limits. To get the maximum dry density and optimum moisture content, standard proctors compaction test. To take a direct transmission density test and a moisture test follow the procedure listed below. Note 1store lime in an airtight container or use a fresh supply. This test is done to determine the maximum dry density and the optimum moisture content of soil using heavy.
Compaction is the process of densification of soil by reducing air voids. Compaction test of soil is carried out using proctors test to understand compaction characteristics of different soils with change in moisture content. This test method describes the procedure for determining the maximum dry density and optimum moisture content for a soil by the proctor. Standard proctor test procedure apparatus calculation. Maximum dry density of soil and optimum moisture content test. Determining the wet density determining the moisture content calculating the dry density. A required range for moisture is often specified isie, 3% below and 2% above optimum. For example, if optimum water content is 16%, the acceptable range would be from % to 18%. This test method provides for the determination of the cbr of a material at optimum water content or a range of water content from a specified compaction test and a specified dry unit mass. Guidelines for earthwork construction control testing of. Both the test helps to determine the optimum moisture content that is required for a soil to attain maximum. This test is done to determine the maximum dry density and the optimum moisture content of soil using heavy compaction as per is. Maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of soil determination of maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of soil.
Take about, 3 kg of soil, add water to bring its water content to about 5% below the estimated optimum moisture content. Compaction of soil is the optimal moisture content at which a given soil type becomes most dense and achieve its. Some materials may be more appropriately tested by arizona test method 245, maximum dry density and optimum moisture of soils by proctor alternate. How to calculate maximum dry density and optimum moisture. The guide sleeve should be assembled on top of the mould and the clamp assemblies tightened so that the inner surfaces of the walls of the mould and the sleeve are in line.
The details included in this test method are for use with the standard proctor test. Maximum dry density test to quantify pumice content in. Determine the optimum moisture content of the soil. The maximum density of a material for a specific compactive effort. The maximum density of soil may be determined by either dry or wet method. The maximum density test should be performed on both wet and dry soils to determine which. To get the maximum dry density and optimum moisture content, standard proctors compaction test was conducted on fresh geopolymer mortar.
After weighting, a specimen of soil is taken to determine it water content. Summary of method the test consists of the following steps which are explained in the test procedure. A curve is drawn between the water content and the dry density to obtain the maximum dry density and the optimum water content. Khan manager, office of geotechnical services, indot. The maximum dry density and optimum moisture content, as defined below, is determined by establishing the moisturedensity relationship of the material when prepared and compacted with a vibratory hammer at different moisture contents. Rock correction procedure for maximum dry density and optimum moisture content determination. For each compaction point, the following procedure is followed. Record the curve letter, the maximum dry density and the optimum moisture content on the compaction testing form. The proctor compaction test provides a standardized method of determining a soils resistance to compaction over a range of soil water contents under a constant value of compaction energy.
The maximum density may be determined by either the dry or wet method. Knowing the optimum moisture content, the dcp blow count may then be adjusted, if necessary, using the table in appendix iv. The degree of compaction of a given soil is measured in terms of its dry density. Theoretical maximum specific gravity can be multiplied by the density of water 62. A method for accurately determining the optimum water content of soil and the corresponding maximum dry density has been developed using a small number. Dry density of soil compaction test by core cutter method and calculations road construction civil. This test method is used for field determination of the maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of a soil. This is a method of determining the maximum theoretical dry density of soils. While the dry method is preferred from the standpoint of securing results in a shorter period of time, the highest maximum density is obtained from some soils in a saturated state. How to calculate maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of soil. The procedure consists of compacting a soil specimen in accordance with the charts in appendix a to determine the adjusted maximum wet density, adjusted.
Proctor soil compaction test procedures, tools and results. The technician can now place the metal tray as per the consultant or quality engineers preferred location. Dry density of soil compaction test by core cutter method and. Here is the procedure on how to do the compaction test or insitu density test 1. The dry unit mass is usually given as a percentage of maximum dry unit mass from the. From this investigation, the maximum dry density of eight types of sands was obtained. Maximum dry density and optimum moisture of soils by proctor method a. The test is named in honor of ralph roscoe proctor, who in 1933 showed that the dry density of a soil for a given compactive effort depends on the amount of water the soil contains during soil compaction.
The dry density is maximum at the optimum water content. Determine the maximum dry density of soil that must be achieved in the field. So this read explains in depth, the significance, background, apparatus and procedure of the standard proctor test. This can be measured by mainly two methods standard proctor compaction test and modified proctor compaction test. This method covers a procedure for determining the maximum dry density and. Maximum dry density an overview sciencedirect topics. Field density test fdt 7 methods and their comparison. The maximum dry density and optimum moisture content, as defined below, is determined by. Calibration of apparatus a the method given below should be followed for the determination of the weight of sand in the cone of the pouring cylinder. For soils containing about 10 to 15 percent more fines and where water is required for adequate compaction, the laboratory maximum density is.
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